A leader of the Burmese (now Myanmar) independence movement. Born in the Magwe region of central Burma to a lawyer as the youngest of six children. While studying at Rangoon University (now Yangon University), he threw himself into the anti-British independence movement, and while leading the student movement, in 1938 he joined the radical independence party, the Thakin Party, and became its secretary-general. On the eve of World War II, Japan's Burmese subversive agency set its sights on the Thakin Party led by Aung San, and promised them assistance in achieving independence, providing them with military training on Hainan Island. As commander of the Burmese army trained by the Japanese military, and as Minister of Defense under the military government, Aung San was forced to cooperate with Japan to a certain extent, but he organized an underground resistance movement with communists against the Japanese army, which had given them military government in exchange for independence. In 1944, he formed the Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League, and in March of the following year, 1945, he led the Burmese army in rising up against Japan. Furthermore, after the defeat of the Japanese army, he continued negotiations with the returning British against the backdrop of a nationwide strike, and in January 1947 he achieved independence through the Aung San-Attlee Agreement, but on July 19 of the same year he was assassinated by a right-wing politician. He is still revered by the people as a symbol of Burmese independence. Aung San Suu Kyi, the leader of Myanmar's anti-government democratization movement, is Aung San's eldest daughter. [Teruko Saito] "Portrait of Modern Asia: Aung San" by Takashi Nemoto (1996, Iwanami Shoten) [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ビルマ(現ミャンマー)独立運動の指導者。中部ビルマのマグエ地方で弁護士を父とし、6人兄弟の末子として生まれる。ラングーン大学(現ヤンゴン大学)在学中に反英独立運動に身を投じ、学生運動を指導するかたわら、1938年には独立を掲げる急進政党タキン党に入党し、その書記長になった。第二次世界大戦の前夜、日本のビルマ工作機関は、アウンサンの率いるタキン党の勢力に目をつけ、彼らに独立援助を約して海南島で軍事訓練を施した。アウンサンは日本軍の育成したビルマ軍の司令官、あるいは軍政下の国防大臣として一定の対日協力を余儀なくされるが、独立のかわりに軍政を与えた日本軍に対し、共産主義者たちとともに地下抵抗運動を組織した。1944年には反ファシスト人民自由連盟を結成、翌1945年3月にはビルマ国軍の反日決起を指導した。さらに日本軍の敗退後、復帰したイギリスに対しては全国ストを背景に交渉を続け、1947年1月アウンサン‐アトリー協定によって独立実現にこぎつけたが、同年7月19日、右翼政治家の凶弾に倒れた。彼はいまなおビルマ独立のシンボルとして国民の敬愛を集めている。なお、ミャンマーの反政府民主化運動の指導者アウンサンスーチーは、アウンサンの長女である。 [齋藤照子] 『根本敬著『現代アジアの肖像 アウン・サン』(1996・岩波書店)』 [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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