The costs required to produce goods and services can be broadly divided into fixed costs and variable costs (also called floating costs). Fixed costs are costs that must always be paid in a fixed amount, regardless of the amount of goods or services produced. If a company rents land for a factory, it must pay a fixed amount of rent, determined in advance by contract, regardless of how much product is produced there. Such costs are called fixed costs, and include depreciation costs for machinery and equipment already owned by the factory, salaries of headquarters staff, and property taxes. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
財やサービスの生産に必要な費用の中身は,大別して固定費用と可変費用(変動費用ともいわれる)とに分けられる。固定費用とは,財・サービスの生産量にかかわりなく,つねに一定額だけは支払わねばならない費用を指す。工場の土地を借りている場合には,そこの工場でどれだけ製品を生産するかにかかわらず,前もって契約で決められた一定額の地代を支払わねばならない。このような費用を固定費用といい,工場がすでに所有している機械・設備の償却費,本部職員の給料,固定資産税などもこれに含まれる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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