A cutting tool, a rotating tool with many cutting edges on the outer circumference or end face of a cylinder or disk. It is attached to a milling machine. When high carbon steel or high speed steel is used, the cutting edge and the body are integrated, and it is called a solid milling cutter or a solid cutter. When the cutting edge is made of cemented carbide or ceramics, this cutting edge is called a tip, and the tip is inserted or clamped into the body. Worn tips cannot be sharpened and are simply discarded, so they are called throw-away tips. Milling cutters are classified according to the surface with the cutting edge, shape, and use, and there are many types. The most common types are: (1) Flat milling cutters, which have cutting edges on the outer circumference of a cylinder and cut flat surfaces. (2) Face milling cutters, which have cutting edges on the outer circumference and one end face of a cylinder and cut wide flat surfaces, and end mills, which cut grooves and outer circumferences. (3) Side milling cutters, which have cutting edges on the outer circumference and both end faces of a cylinder and machine two or three perpendicular surfaces at the same time. (4) Angle milling cutter, which has cutting edges on both conical surfaces and is used to cut inclined surfaces and V-grooves. (5) Form milling cutter, whose cutting edge is shaped to match the required shape of the workpiece. The name milling cutter is said to be derived from the Dutch word fraise. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
切削工具の一つで,円筒または円板の外周や端面に多数の切刃をもった回転工具。フライス盤に取付けて使用する。材料に高炭素綱や高速度綱を用いたものは刃部とボディが一体となっており,むくフライスまたはソリッドカッタと呼ばれる。刃部に超硬合金やセラミックスを用いたものは,この刃部をチップと呼び,ボディにチップを挿入したり締止めする。摩耗したチップは砥直しがきかずそのまま捨てるので,スローアウェイチップと呼ぶ。フライスは,切刃のある面,形状,用途などによって分類され,多くの種類がある。代表的なものに次のものがある。 (1) 円筒の外周に切刃をもち,平面を切削する平フライス。 (2) 円筒の外周と一端面に切刃をつけ,広い平面を削る正面フライスや,溝類や外周部を切削するエンドミル。 (3) 円筒外周と両端面に切刃があり,垂直な2面または3面を同時に加工する側 (かわ) フライス。 (4) 両円錐面に切刃をもち,傾斜面やV溝を切削する角度フライス。 (5) 切刃の形を加工物体の所要形状に合せた総形フライス。なお,フライスの名称はオランダ語のフレーセ fraiseが語源といわれる。
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