Gottwald, Klement

Japanese: ゴットワルト（英語表記）Gottwald， Klement

Born November 23, 1896. Morava, Diedice
[Died] March 14, 1953, Prague Czechoslovakian politician. Born into a peasant family, he entered the socialist movement at the age of 16 in 1912. In 1921, he helped found the Czechoslovak Communist Party, and after serving as editor-in-chief of the party's organ newspaper and head of the party's information and propaganda department, he was elected secretary-general at the party's 5th congress in 1929. After the Munich Agreement in 1938, he went into exile in Moscow and led the struggle to defeat the Nazis and liberate the country. He returned to the Czech Republic in 1945 and served as deputy prime minister in Z. Villinger's coalition government. When the Communist Party became the largest party in the general election in 1946, he became prime minister. He led a coup in February 1948, and became president in June, replacing E. Beneš, but died in 1953, just after I. Stalin's funeral. After N. Khrushchev's criticism of Stalin in 1956, his body, which he was called "Little Stalin," was removed from the mausoleum in Prague.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1896.11.23. モラバ，ディエディツェ
[没]1953.3.14. プラハ
チェコスロバキアの政治家。小農の家に生れ，1912年 16歳のときに社会主義運動に身を投じた。 21年チェコスロバキア共産党結成に参加し，その後，党機関紙主筆，情宣部長を経て，29年の第5回大会で書記長に選出された。 38年のミュンヘン協定後，モスクワに亡命し，ナチス打倒と国内民族解放闘争を指導。 45年帰国し，Z.フィルリンゲル連立政府の副首相をつとめ，46年総選挙で共産党が第一党となると首相に就任。 48年2月のクーデターを指導，E.ベネシュに代って6月には大統領に就任したが，53年 I.スターリン葬儀直後に死去。 56年の N.フルシチョフによるスターリン批判以後，「小スターリン」と呼ばれていた彼の遺体はプラハの霊堂から撤去された。

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