International Civil Procedure Law

Japanese: 国際民事訴訟法 - こくさいみんじそしょうほう

As part of private international law, it is a set of laws governing the handling of international matters in civil litigation. There is no special code, and it is governed by the Code of Civil Procedure and treaties. It is also called international civil procedural law, as it includes non-contentious cases, commercial arbitration/mediation, and international bankruptcy. Its main contents are provisions on international judicial jurisdiction, the capacity to sue foreign nationals and foreign corporations, interpretation and translation of documents in court, the examination of evidence in foreign countries based on international judicial assistance (see judicial assistance), the conflict between foreign and domestic litigation, and the effect of foreign judgments. Under private international law, procedural issues are collectively defined as "the procedure shall be governed by the law of the forum," so in principle, the procedure for international civil litigation in Japan is governed by the International Civil Procedural Law of Japan, but there are many areas that lack explicit provisions, and much of it has been left to precedent and academic theory. When the Civil Procedure Code was completely revised in 1996, most of the provisions related to international civil procedure that were initially proposed were ultimately deleted, leaving them as a future legislative issue.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

国際私法の一環で，民事訴訟における国際的な事項の取扱いについての法規。特別の法典はなく，民事訴訟法や条約による。非訟事件や，商事仲裁・調停，国際倒産などを含める意味で国際民事手続法ともいう。国際裁判管轄，外国人や外国法人の訴訟能力，裁判での通訳や文書の翻訳，国際司法共助（司法共助を参照）に基づく外国での証拠調べ，外国訴訟と内国訴訟との競合，外国判決の効力などに関する規定がその主な内容をなす。国際私法上，手続問題については一括的に〈手続は法廷地法による〉とされているので，日本における国際民事訴訟の手続は，原則的に日本の国際民事手続法が適用されることになるが，明文規定を欠くところも多く，判例や学説に委ねてきた部分が大きい。1996年に民事訴訟法が全面的に改正された際にも，当初数多く提案されていた国際民事手続関係の規定が結局はほとんど削除され，今後の立法課題として残された。

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