(1) A corporation whose purpose of existence is to carry out national or public affairs broadly. This includes the state and local public entities. (2) All of the above except the state, i.e., corporations whose purpose of existence has been given to them by the state. This includes local public entities with a certain area, population, and autonomy, public associations that are public incorporated associations, and public construction corporations that are public incorporated foundations (recently also called government-related enterprises). These are collectively referred to as public entities. (3) Of the above (2), sometimes only public associations and construction corporations are referred to as public corporations. Under positive law, public corporations are treated differently from private corporations in various respects. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
(1) 広く国家または公共の事務を行うことを存立の目的とする法人。国および地方公共団体もこれに含まれる。 (2) 上述のうち国を除いたもの,すなわち国からその存立の目的を与えられた法人。これには,一定の地域と住民と自治権を有する地方公共団体,公の社団法人である公共組合,公の財団法人である営造物法人 (最近は政府関係企業とも呼ばれている) がある。これらを包括して公共団体という。 (3) 上述 (2) のうち公共組合と営造物法人のみを公法人という場合もある。公法人は実定法上,種々の点で私法人と異なった取扱いを受けている。
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