Legality

Japanese: 合法性 - ごうほうせい
Legality

Legality has two meanings. First, it is generally used as the opposite concept of illegality (or illegality). In this case, legality (Gesetzmäßigkeit) (German) means to conform formally to the current legal order, whereas illegality means to violate it. Etymologically, legality in this sense means conforming to positive law, so just because something has legality does not necessarily mean that it conforms to ethics or justice in practice.

In contrast, in relation to Kant's distinction between morality (Moralität) and legality (Legalität), morality means that the internal motivation of an act is consistent with the obligation based on the moral law, while its opposite concept, legality, means that an act is externally in accordance with the legal order regardless of the motivation. Regarding the distinction between law and morality, it is widely practiced to contrast the external nature of law with the internal nature of morality, but this idea is based on the distinction between morality and legality mentioned here.

[Tetsuro Nawa]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

合法性には二義がある。まず、不法(または違法)の反対概念として用いられるのが一般であるが、この場合には、合法性Gesetzmäßigkeit(ドイツ語)とは、現行法秩序に形式的に合致することを意味するのに対して、不法とはこれに違反することをいう。この意味の合法性とは、語源的には、Gesetz=実定法規にかなっていることであるから、合法性を有しているからといって、実質的に倫理や正義に合致するとは限らない。

 これに対して、カントによる道徳性Moralitätと合法性Legalitätとの区別に関連して、道徳性は行為の内面的な動機が道徳律に基づく義務と一致していることを意味するのに対し、その反対概念としての合法性とは、動機のいかんを問わず行為が外面的に法秩序に合致していることをいう。法と道徳の区別に関して、法の外面性と道徳の内面性とが対比されることが広く行われているが、この考え方はここにいう道徳性と合法性の区別に根拠を置く。

[名和鐵郎]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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