When a person (the suggester) conveys feelings, ideas, beliefs, or instructions to another person (the suggestee), the other person (the suggestee) accepts them uncritically and unreflectively, without any clear logical or objective basis, and feels, thinks, believes, or acts exactly as the suggester conveyed. In some cases, a person may suggest things to themselves, which is called autosuggestion. Suggestion is likely to occur when the suggester has great authority or power over the suggestee. Suggestions that use this effect in a planned manner are called power suggestion. Experts in a field, group leaders, and the unanimous words and actions of many people tend to have power. People are also more likely to be susceptible to suggestion in crisis situations or when caught in a crowd. It is sometimes thought that women, children, and people with lower intelligence are more susceptible than men, but this cannot be generalized because it depends on various conditions. Some people with alcoholism, neurotic tendencies, and schizophrenia (psychiatric schizophrenia) show increased suggestibility. Some people also show countersuggestibility, which means they resist the suggestions of others and have the opposite reaction. [Shozo Tsuji] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ある人(暗示者)によって伝えられる感じや考え、信念あるいは指示などが、相手(被暗示者)によって、はっきりした論理的ないし客観的な根拠もなしに、無批判、無反省に受け入れられ、暗示者の伝えるとおりに感じたり、考えたり、信じたり、行動したりすること。自分自身が自分に暗示をかける場合があるが、これを自己暗示という。 暗示は、暗示者が被暗示者に対して、なにかの意味で大きな権威や威光をもっているときにおこりやすい。このような効果を計画的に利用する暗示を威光暗示という。その道の専門家、集団の指導者、多数者の一致した言動などは威光をもちやすい。また、危機的な場面や状況、群集の中に巻き込まれたような場合などは、暗示にかかりやすい。暗示に対するかかりやすさ(被暗示性)は、男性より女性、大人より子供、知能の高い者より低い者のほうが大きいとみられることもあるが、いろいろな条件によって左右されるから一概にはいえない。ある種のアルコール中毒、神経症傾向、統合失調症(精神分裂病)などでは、被暗示性の増大がみられる。また、他人の暗示に抵抗して、反対の反応をする対抗被暗示性を示す者もいる。 [辻 正三] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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