Behavior change (or behavior modification) and behavior therapy are used synonymously or interchangeably, and there is no clear consensus yet. Which term to use often depends on differences such as whether the basic theory of behavior therapy emphasizes respondent conditioning or operant conditioning, whether the behavior to be changed is maladaptive behavior that is more neurotic or more severe or general human behavior, how clinical psychology practice is viewed in relation to earlier medical science, and whether the basic theory is limited to learning theory or not, and whether it is expanded to include experimental psychology and behavioral science in a broad sense. Moreover, these terms are used unconsciously in a confusing manner. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
行動変容(または行動修正)と行動療法とは同義的または互換的に使用され,いまだ明確な統一見解はない。そのいずれの用語をとるかは,行動療法の基礎理論としてレスポンデント条件づけ法を重視するかオペラント条件づけ法(条件づけ)を重視するか,変容の対象行動が神経症以上の不適応行動か一般的人間行動か,臨床心理学的実践を先発の医学との関係でどうとらえるか,あるいは基礎理論が学習理論だけかそれに限らず実験心理学から広義の行動科学のものまで広げるかなどの違いによることが多く,しかもそれらが錯綜して無自覚的に使用されている。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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