Palace (Punishment) - Kyu

… Torture Trial [Yoshio Hiramatsu]
[China]
The records of the Five Punishments found in classics such as the Book of Shangshu are thought to provide some insight into the state of punishment before the Spring and Autumn period in China. The Five Punishments were: gei (also known as facial tattooing), gi (nicknack), getsu (also known as foot-cutting), kyuyu (castration for men and confinement for women), and taheki (death penalty), which consisted of life punishment and corporal punishment known as kyokukei (lifelong forced labor). The types of capital punishment include many cruel methods such as burning at the stake, boiling, dismemberment, amputation, beheading, crucifixion, and decapitation.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Miya (punishment)" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…刑具裁判【平松 義郎】
［中国］
　《尚書》などの古典にみえる五刑の記録は，中国春秋時代以前の刑罰の状態をある程度伝えるものと考えられる。五刑とは黥（げい）(また墨（ぼく），顔面への入墨)，劓（ぎ）(はなきり)，刖（げつ）(また剕（ひ），あしきり)，宮（きゆう）(男子は去勢，女子は幽閉)，大辟（たいへき）(死刑)であり，生命刑と肉刑と称された身体刑(終身の強制労働をともなう)より成る。死刑の種類は，炮烙（ほうらく），焚（ふん）などの火刑をはじめ，烹（ほう）(かまゆで)，車裂(また轘（かん）)，支解（しかい）(四肢を断つ)，腰斬（ようざん），磔（たく）(はりつけ)，梟首（きようしゆ）(さらし首)など過酷なものも多い。…

※「宮（刑罰）」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報