Hong Chaqiu - Kou Saqiu

Japanese: 洪茶丘 - こう・さきゅう

Year of death: 1291
Year of birth: Noma Shinko 3 (1244)
A military commander during the Yuan Dynasty in China. Son of Hong Bokwon, a Goryeo military commander who surrendered to the Mongols. Valued by Kublai Khan, he played an active role in managing Goryeo, suppressing rebellions such as the Sambyeolcho (an anti-Mongolian army organized in Goryeo). In Bun'ei 11 (1274), as deputy marshal of the Eastern Expedition Army, he assisted Xindu in commanding the Yuan army and invaded northern Kyushu, but failed (the Bun'ei War). In Koan 3 (1280), he proposed a second invasion of Japan with Xindu, and the following year, as the Right Minister of State for Japan, he led an army eastward from Goryeo and advanced into Japan again. He joined forces with the Jiangnan army and attempted to attack Dazaifu, but failed (the Koan War). He then took on the task of suppressing rebellions by various kings in Manchuria (northeastern China). He interfered in the internal affairs of Goryeo, oppressing the king and noble retainers, and temporarily ousted the military commander Kim Bang-gyeong. He worked hard to weaken and subjugate his homeland, Goryeo. <References> Osamu Yamaguchi, "Mongol Invasion"; Takashi Hatada, "Mongol Invasion"

(Shuichi Seki)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：至元28(1291)
生年：乃馬真后3(1244)
中国元代の武将。モンゴルに投降した高麗の武将洪福原の子。フビライに重用され,高麗経営に活躍し,三別抄(高麗で組織された反モンゴルの軍隊)の乱などを鎮圧。文永11(1274)年,東征軍の副元帥として,忻都を補佐して元軍を指揮し,北九州に遠征するも失敗(文永の役)。弘安3(1280)年日本再征を忻都と提案し,翌年日本行省右丞として高麗から東路軍を率い,再び日本に進軍。江南軍と合流して太宰府を攻撃しようとするが,失敗する(弘安の役)。その後,満州(中国東北部)方面の諸王の反乱征討に当たる。高麗の内政に干渉し,国王,功臣を圧迫し,武将金方慶を一時期失脚させる。祖国高麗の弱体化・隷属化に尽力した。<参考文献>山口修『蒙古襲来』,旗田巍『元寇』

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