A spirit of magnanimity

Japanese: 浩然の気 - こうぜんのき
A spirit of magnanimity

Moral energy wells up from within a human being. It is something that arises naturally, and if it is properly nurtured and expanded without being forcibly encouraged, it is said to have the power to fill the heavens and the earth. It was taught by the Confucian scholar Mencius during the Warring States period in China, and can be found in the first chapter of the "Gongsun Chou" chapter of "Mencius." Qi originally meant the life force that humans possess, or the energy that causes physiological functions, but Mencius saw moral ability in it. He believed that virtues such as benevolence and righteousness are fundamentally present within humans, and expressed the expansion of this through life force as "majestic qi."

[Kenjiro Tsuchida]

"Katsuhito Kobayashi's translation and annotated version of Mencius, volumes 1 and 2 (Iwanami Bunko)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

人間内部から沸き起こる道徳的エネルギー。これは自然に発生してくるもので、無理に助長させず正しくはぐくみ拡大していけば、天地に充満するほどの力をもつとされる。中国、戦国時代の儒者である孟子(もうし)が説いたもので、『孟子』の「公孫丑(こうそんちゅう)」上篇(へん)にみえる。気とは、もと人間のもつ生命力、あるいは生理作用をおこすエネルギーのようなものを意味するが、孟子はこれに道徳的能力をみいだした。仁義(じんぎ)に代表される徳目は人間の内部に根源的に備わっているものとし、それが生命力によって拡大されることを「浩然の気」と表現したのである。

[土田健次郎]

『小林勝人訳注『孟子』上下(岩波文庫)』

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