It is also read as "jinmyocho". It is also called "jinjacho", "shincho", "jingikancho" or "kancho". It means an official register that lists the names of shrines or deities. The national register of deities listed in volumes 9 (Shinmei-jo) and 10 (Shinmei-ge) of the "Engishiki" is also known as the "Engishiki Shinmei-cho" or "Shikishinmei-cho". It divides the whole country into the imperial court, the capital, and the five provinces and seven roads, and lists the names of deities of a total of 2,861 official shrines (3,132 shrines). The Shikishinmei-cho was compiled in the 5th year of Encho (927), and the shrines listed there are called "shikinaisha" or "shikisha". In addition to the Shikishinmei-cho, there are also Shinmei-cho compiled for each country, which are called "Kokuni Shinmei-cho". This was necessary for the provincial governors of each province to worship and make pilgrimages to the major shrines in their jurisdictions, and for administrative purposes. It is thought that originally there were ones in each province, but today only a dozen or so remain. This type often lists the rank of the gods and the name of the shrine, and is sometimes called a Shinkaicho. [Ishu Ochiai] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
「じんみょうちょう」とも読む。別に神社帳、神帳、神祇官(じんぎかん)帳、官帳などともいう。神社名または神名を列記した公簿の意味である。『延喜式(えんぎしき)』巻9(神名上)・巻10(神名下)に収載されている全国の神名帳は、「延喜式神名帳」「式神名帳」ともいわれて有名である。全国を宮中・京中・五畿七道(ごきしちどう)諸国に分け、合計2861官社(3132座)の神名を列記している。式神名帳は延長(えんちょう)5年(927)の成立で、そこに登載される神社を、とくに式内社(しきないしゃ)または式社という。式神名帳のほかに、各国ごとに作成された神名帳があり、これをとくに国内神名帳という。これは、諸国の国司が、管内主要神社を祀(まつ)り、巡拝するために、また行政上必要とされた。当初は全国にそれぞれ存在したものと考えられるが、現在は十数か所のそれが現存するのみである。このほうは、神階(しんかい)と神社名を記している場合が多く、神階帳ともよばれたりしている。 [落合偉洲] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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