salūs publica (English spelling)

Japanese: salūs publica(英語表記)saluspublica
salūs publica (English spelling)

...However, in modern nations that have the characteristics of a social or positive welfare state, the term "public welfare" is often used as a guiding principle for national politics or the protection of human rights. Originally, the concept of public welfare or "public safety" was used as a sign of the power's intervention in all areas of the life of individuals in the premodern era of police states and absolutist welfare states. Therefore, in the free and passive states that were established on the negation of absolutist states, individual rights and freedoms have absolute meaning, and freedom is the right "to do anything that does not harm the rights of others" (Article 4 of the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen), and the concepts of "common interest" and "general welfare" used there did not transcend the individual, but merely meant a restriction that even an individual's absolute right could not be exercised without regard for the rights of others.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "salūs publica" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…しかし,公共の福祉という語は,社会国家・積極国家としての福祉国家という性格を持つ現代の国家においては,国政ないし人権保障の指導理念として,しばしば用いられている。 もともと公共の福祉ないし〈公共の安全salūs publica〉の概念は,近代以前の警察国家,絶対主義国家としての福祉国家の時代に,権力が個人のいっさいの生活領域に介入する旗じるしとして用いられたものであった。したがって,絶対主義国家の否定のうえに成立した自由国家,消極国家においては,個人の権利自由こそが絶対的意味をもち,自由は〈他人の権利を害さないすべてをなしうる〉権利(フランス人権宣言4条)であり,そこで用いられた〈共同の利益〉〈一般の福祉〉等の概念は,個人を超越するものではなく,個人の絶対的権利といえども他人の権利を無視して行使しえないという制約を意味しただけであった。…

※「salūs publica」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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