Hiss, A. (English spelling) HissA

Japanese: Hiss,A.(英語表記)HissA
Hiss, A. (English spelling) HissA

...HUAC was originally established to suppress subversive activities by Nazi-supporting groups in the country, but its main target soon shifted to Communists. After it was promoted to a standing committee in 1945 when the Republicans held the majority in Congress, it became a stronghold for the "Red Scare" by right-wing lawmakers such as RM Nixon. The Hollywood Ten hearings held in 1947 against Hollywood moviemakers and the hearings held the following year on charges of espionage against New Deal bureaucrat Alger Hiss raised public interest in un-American activities, and led to the intensification of similar investigations (McCarthyism) by McCarthy and others in the U.S. Senate. In the 1950s, HUAC's activities continued, involving such notable figures as playwrights Lillian Hellman and Arthur Miller, and actor Paul Robeson, but by the late 1960s they had waned, changing their name to the Committee on Internal Security, and were abolished in 1975.

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Hiss, A." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…HUACは当初,国内のナチス支持集団による破壊活動の抑制を目的として設立されたが,やがてその主要目標を共産主義者へと転じ,45年の共和党が多数を占めた議会で常任委員会に昇格して以後は,R.M.ニクソンらの右翼的議員による〈赤狩り〉の牙城となる。47年に行われたハリウッドの映画人に対する審問(ハリウッド・テン)や翌年のニューディール派官僚ヒスAlger Hissのスパイ容疑をめぐる公聴会は,非米活動に対する国民の関心を一挙に高め,連邦議会上院でもマッカーシーらによる同種の調査活動(マッカーシイズム)が活発化する原因となった。50年代には劇作家リリアン・ヘルマン,アーサー・ミラーや俳優ポール・ロブソンらの著名人を巻き込んで続けられたHUACの活動は,60年代後半までには下火となり,国内治安委員会へと名称変更を経て,75年廃止された。…

※「Hiss,A.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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