A province in eastern Canada. With an area of 1,355,743.08 square kilometers, it is the largest of Canada's 10 provinces, and with a population of 7,237,479 (2001), it is the second largest after Ontario. Its capital is Quebec. Approximately 74% of the residents are of French descent, with only 4.1% being of English descent. It has a continental climate, with an average temperature of -10°C in January and 11-21°C in July. Geographically, it is divided into three regions: the St. Lawrence Lowlands, the Appalachian Highlands, and the Canadian Shield. The St. Lawrence Lowlands stretches southwestward from its apex in Quebec City. Although its area is less than 2% of the state's total area, it is home to large cities such as Montreal, and accounts for more than 50% of the state's population. This region has long been important as it is a transportation route connecting the Great Lakes region with the Atlantic Ocean. The Appalachian region is an extension of the Appalachian Mountains in the southeastern part of the state, forming a gently rolling hilly region. Thedford is also home to one of the world's largest asbestos mines. The mixed forest zone is dominated by maples, and maple sugar, made by boiling maple sap, is a famous specialty of this region. Mixed agriculture is the main practice, and dairy farming is also practiced. There are also industries such as lumbering, flour milling, and wood processing that utilize small-scale hydroelectric power. The Canadian Shield is made of Precambrian rocks and occupies more than 80% of the state's area. It is dotted with countless glacial lakes and is a coniferous forest zone, accounting for one-third of Canada's economic forests. Canada is also rich in underground resources, with gold, silver, and copper mines in the west and iron ore deposits on the border with Labrador. This iron ore is sent to industrial areas around the Great Lakes via the St. Lawrence Seaway. In recent years, hydroelectric power generation has become an important industry, with the construction of a group of large dams in the East Maine River basin, which flows into James Bay. Canada is also world-famous for its aluminum smelting industry, which utilizes cheap hydroelectric power. [Shuji Yamashita] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
カナダ東部の州。面積135万5743.08平方キロメートルはカナダ10州中最大、人口723万7479(2001)はオンタリオ州に次ぎ第2位である。州都ケベック。住民の約74%がフランス系で、イギリス系は4.1%にすぎない。大陸性気候で、1月の平均気温は零下10℃、7月は11~21℃である。自然地理的には、セント・ローレンス低地、アパラチア高地、カナダ楯状地(たてじょうち)の三つに区分される。 セント・ローレンス低地は、ケベック市を頂点とし、南西方向に延びている。面積は州全体の2%にも達しないが、モントリオールなどの大都市があり、州人口の50%以上を占める。この地域は、五大湖地方と大西洋を結ぶ交通路のため、古くから重要な地域であった。アパラチア地域は、州南東部のアパラチア山脈の延長で、緩やかな丘陵地帯を形成している。また、セッドフォードには世界最大級のアスベスト鉱山がある。混合樹林帯でカエデが多く、カエデの樹液を煮つめたメープル・シュガーはこの地域の特産物として有名である。混合農業を主とし、酪農も行われている。小規模水力発電を利用した製材、製粉、木材加工などの産業もある。カナダ楯状地は、先カンブリア時代の岩石からなり、州面積の80%以上を占めている。無数の氷河湖が点在し、針葉樹林帯で、カナダ経済林の3分の1を占める。地下資源も豊富で、西部には金、銀、銅などの鉱山が、ラブラドルの州境には鉄鉱床があり、この鉄鉱石はセント・ローレンス水路で五大湖周辺の工業地帯に送られている。近年ジェームズ湾に注ぐイーストメーン川流域に大ダム群を建設するなど、水力発電が重要産業となっている。その安価な水力発電を利用したアルミニウム精錬業も世界的に有名である。 [山下脩二] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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