When it is recognized that country B's administrative rights (sovereignty) may be generally exercised over part of country A's territory, the authority remaining with country A is called residual sovereignty. It is also sometimes called latent sovereignty or residual sovereignty. Country B's authority differs from cession in that it is simply the exercise of sovereignty and does not include the authority to dispose of the area. Country B cannot transfer ownership or sovereignty over the area to a third country without country A's consent. Furthermore, when the exercise of sovereignty over the area ends, country A's sovereignty is automatically restored. Country A's status in this way is said to be that of residual sovereignty. Residual sovereignty is generally seen in leased territories. Historical examples include the Kowloon Peninsula and other territories leased by Britain in China at the end of the 19th century, and the Canal Zone, the sovereignty of which was transferred from Panama to the United States in 1903. In Japan, the term "residual sovereignty" was often used in connection with the status of the Nanpo and Nansei Islands, including Okinawa. Article 3 of the Treaty of Peace with Japan (effective in 1952) stipulated that if the United States proposed placing the islands under a trusteeship system, Japan would agree to this, and that until then the United States would be able to exercise all legislative, judicial and administrative powers (sovereignty) over the area. At the San Francisco Peace Conference, US Chief Representative Dulles explained this clause as one that left residual sovereignty with Japan. [Yasuo Ishimoto] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
甲国の領土の一部に、乙国の施政権(統治権)が全般的に行使されることが認められる場合、甲国に残されている権限を残存主権という。潜在主権または残余主権といわれることもある。乙国の権限は、単に統治権の行使であり、その地域の処分の権限を含まない点で、割譲とは異なる。乙国は、甲国の同意なくして、その地域の領有権や統治権を第三国に譲渡することはできない。また、その地域に対する統治権の行使が終了したときは、甲国の統治権が当然に回復される。このような甲国の地位を、甲国が残存主権を有するという。 残存主権は、一般的にいえば、租借地にみられる。19世紀末に九竜(きゅうりゅう/カオルン)半島をはじめ中国の地域に認められたイギリスなどの租借地、1903年アメリカがパナマから統治権の移譲を受けた運河地帯などはその歴史的な例である。 わが国で残存主権の語が多く用いられたのは、沖縄など南方・南西諸島の地位に関連してであった。対日平和条約(1952発効)第3条で、アメリカがこれらの諸島を信託統治制度の下に置くことを提案したときには日本国がこれに同意すること、および、それまでの間はアメリカがその地域の立法・司法・行政のすべての権限(統治権)を行使できることが定められた。サンフランシスコ講和会議でアメリカ首席代表ダレスは、この条項を、日本国に残存主権を残すものと説明した。 [石本泰雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
>>: Mountain Village Work Team - Sansonkosakutai
A type of unsaturated dicarboxylic acid. It is a ...
...General term for insects of the family Encyrti...
An old town in Agatsuma County, northwestern Gunma...
The capital of the eponymous region in the northwe...
…Masticated sake was once widespread in the regio...
...Short bacilli are called short bacilli, and lo...
King of Saudi Arabia. Reigned 1964-1975. Born in R...
…The eggs laid by the female are immediately wrap...
Also known as the Uonuma Sanzan. The name refers t...
…In ancient India, the word manas (translated int...
〘 noun 〙 A forest planted around a residential are...
Japanese Christians (Catholics) from the end of t...
…Vladimir then existed merely as a provincial cit...
〘noun〙① Poor food. Coarse food. Akushoku. ※Social ...
A magazine published by Minyusha. It was first pub...