Cairnes, John Elliott

Japanese: ケアンズ（英語表記）Cairnes， John Elliott

Born: 26 December 1823, Castlebellingham
Died July 8, 1875. London. British economist. After graduating from Trinity College, Dublin with a degree in law, he began researching economics, and in 1856 he became professor of economics at the same university, and in 1859 he became professor of economics and law at Queen's College, Galway, and in 1866 he became professor of economics at University College, London. His economic theory, which follows on from D. Ricardo, N. Senior, and JS Mill, is based on the theory of demand and supply, and is particularly characterized by the theory of non-competitive groups, which states that there is no competition between different classes. He also argued that economics must be a rigorous science like natural science, and that its method cannot be inductive because experiments are impossible, but must be deductive. His major works include The Character and Logical Method of Political Economy (1857) and Some Leading Principles of Political Economy Newly Expounded (74).

Cairns
Cairns

A city on the northeast coast of Queensland, Australia. It is about 1,700 km north of Brisbane, and is the terminus of the railway and road along the east coast. It was built in the 1870s as a base and port for gold and tin mines in the outback. It is now the central city in the northernmost part of the state. It has developed through the collection, processing, and export of agricultural products from the sugar cane areas of the coastal plain and the tobacco and dairy areas of the Atherton Tableland, the timber and furniture industries from the nearby rainforests, and the tourist industry with Green Island and the Great Barrier Reef in sight. It is connected by rail to Brisbane in the south and the Atherton Tableland in the west, and by air to other parts of the country and Papua New Guinea. There is a large sugar loading facility at the port. Population 49,334 (1991 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1823.12.26. キャッスルベリンガム
[没]1875.7.8. ロンドン
イギリスの経済学者。ダブリンのトリニティ・カレッジを法学専攻で卒業後，経済学の研究に入り，1856年同大学経済学教授，また 59年ゴールウェーのクイーンズ・カレッジ経済学法学教授，66年ロンドンのユニバーシティ・カレッジ経済学教授に就任。その経済学理論は，D.リカード，N.シーニアー，J.S.ミルの流れをくむもので需要供給説を軸に展開されており，とりわけ異なる階層間には競争が存在しないことを打出した非競争集団の理論にその特色がある。また経済学は自然科学のような厳密な科学でなければならないこと，その方法は実験が不可能であるから帰納的ではありえず，演繹的であることを主張している。主著『経済学の性格と論理的方法』 The Character and Logical Method of Political Economy (1857) ，『経済学の若干の指導的原理の新展開』 Some Leading Principles of Political Economy Newly Expounded (74) 。

ケアンズ
Cairns

オーストラリア，クイーンズランド州北東岸の都市。ブリズベン北方約 1700km，東海岸沿いの鉄道，道路の終点。 1870年代に奥地の金とスズの鉱山のための基地，港湾として建設された。現在は同州最北部の中心都市。海岸平野のサトウキビ地帯およびアサートン台地のタバコ，酪農地帯を後背地とした農産物の集散，加工，輸出，近くの熱帯雨林による木材，家具工業，グリーン島はじめグレートバリアリーフを控えた観光産業によって発展している。南のブリズベンおよび西のアサートン台地と鉄道で，国内各地およびパプアニューギニアと航空路で結ばれている。港に大規模な砂糖積込み施設がある。人口4万 9334 (1991推計) 。

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