Incompetent person - Kinchisansha

Japanese: 禁治産者 - きんちさんしゃ
Incompetent person - Kinchisansha

Under the system of adjudication of incompetence and quasi-incompetence that was in place before the adult guardianship system was introduced in the 1999 (Heisei 11) revision of the Civil Code (effective April 1, 2000), an "incompetent person" was a person who had been adjudicated incompetent by a family court because of "a constant state of insanity" (a mental disorder in which, although sometimes returning to normal, one generally lacks normal judgment ability), and whose adjudication had not yet been revoked. With the introduction of the new system, the term "incompetent person," which gives a discriminatory impression, was changed to the term "adult ward" in all related laws. In addition, the term "continuous state of insanity" in the Civil Code was changed to "continuous state of lacking the ability to discern facts and circumstances."

[Ikuo Ikejiri, Editorial Department]

[Reference items] | Adult guardianship system | Adult ward

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

1999年(平成11)の民法改正(2000年4月1日施行)で導入された成年後見制度の前に設けられていた禁治産・準禁治産宣告制度の下で、「禁治産者」は「心神喪失の常況」(精神に障害があって、ときに正常に復することはあっても、おおむね正常な判断能力を欠く状態)にあるため、家庭裁判所から禁治産の宣告を受け、まだその宣告が取り消されていない者をさしていた。新制度導入に伴い、差別的な印象を与える「禁治産者」という表現は、すべての関係法律において「成年被後見人」という用語に改められた。また、民法条文中の「心神喪失の常況」という用語も「事理を弁識する能力を欠く常況」と改められた。

[池尻郁夫・編集部]

[参照項目] | 成年後見制度 | 成年被後見人

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