Metals whose ionization energy is smaller than that of hydrogen and which are easily corroded by water or acid. Such metals include potassium, barium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, titanium, manganese, zinc, chromium, iron, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, tin, and lead. The earlier metals react more vigorously with water. The later metals react less vigorously with water, but do react with acid. However, aluminum and titanium are prone to forming a chemically stable surface oxide film in air, and once such a film is formed, they exhibit high corrosion resistance even in water. [Katsuhisa Sugimoto] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イオン化エネルギーが水素のそれよりも小さく、水または酸に容易に侵される金属をいう。このような金属にはカリウム、バリウム、カルシウム、ナトリウム、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、チタン、マンガン、亜鉛、クロム、鉄、カドミウム、コバルト、ニッケル、スズ、鉛などがある。これらのうち、初めのものほど水と激しく反応する。後のものほど水とは反応しにくくなるが、酸とは反応する。しかし、アルミニウムやチタンなどは空気中において化学的に安定な表面酸化皮膜を形成しやすく、このような皮膜が形成されると、その後は水の中でも高い耐食性を示すようになる。 [杉本克久] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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