Born October 27, 1760 in Schildau near Torgau Died: August 23, 1831. Posen, Germany. Prussian military officer. From 1782 to 1783, he fought against the American Revolutionary Army in Canada as a British mercenary, and in 1786, he joined the Prussian army. After participating in the Battle of Jena, he was recognized for his successful defense of the Kolberg (Kolobrzeg) fortress in 1807, and joined the General Staff, where he worked hard to reform the Prussian military system under G. Scharnhorst and K. Stein. After Stein's dismissal, he resigned and traveled around the country. In 1813, he became Scharnhorst's chief of staff, and after Stein's death, he served as chief of staff and instructed on strategies such as the Battle of Leipzig. In 1815, he participated in the Battle of Waterloo as chief of staff to Field Marshal G. Blücher, and by outflanking the French army, he was the driving force behind the victory of the Allied forces. After 1816, he retired to command the 8th Corps of the Rhine, and in 1825 he became a field marshal. During the Polish uprising in 1831, he went to Posen as commander of the suppression forces and died of cholera. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1760.10.27. トルガウ近郊シルダウ [没]1831.8.23. ポーゼン ドイツ,プロシアの軍人。 1782~83年イギリスの傭兵としてカナダでアメリカ独立軍と戦い,86年プロシア軍に入隊。イェナの会戦に参加したのち,1807年にはコルベルク (コウォブジェク) 要塞を守り抜いて認められ,参謀本部に入って,G.シャルンホルストおよび K.シュタインのもとでプロシアの軍制改革に尽力した。シュタイン罷免ののち,辞職して各地を歴訪。 13年にシャルンホルストの参謀長となり,その死後,参謀総長としてライプチヒの戦いなどの戦略を指導。 15年 G.ブリュッヒャー元帥の参謀長としてワーテルローの会戦に参加,フランス軍の側面を突いて,連合軍勝利の原動力となった。 16年以降はラインの第8軍団司令官に退き,25年元帥。 31年のポーランド蜂起に際し,鎮圧軍の指揮官としてポーゼンにおもむき,コレラで死亡した。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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