German organic chemist. He studied medicine at the University of Strasbourg, and in 1877 became assistant to F. Hoppe-Seyler, a physiological chemist at the same university. He obtained his medical doctorate in 1878. He then went on to study at the University of Berlin and the University of Marburg, before becoming a professor at the University of Heidelberg in 1901. In 1924 he directed the Heidelberg Protein Research Institute. He began research on nuclear proteins in 1879, demonstrating that they are made up of proteins and nucleic acids, and discovering that nucleic acids have the components (bases) adenine, thymine, cytosine, and uracil. He later discovered histidine, agmatine, and other elements. For his contributions to protein and nucleic acid research, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1910. He was also awarded honorary doctorates by the University of Cambridge, the University of Dublin, and other universities. It was his son, Walther Kossel (1888-1956), a physicist, who pointed out the stability of the electron configuration of rare gases. Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition |
ドイツの有機化学者.シュトラスブルク大学で医学を学び,1877年同大学の生理化学者F. Hoppe-Seyler(ホッペ-ザイラー)の助手となる.1878年医学博士号を取得.その後,ベルリン大学,マールブルク大学を経て,1901年ハイデルベルク大学教授となる.1924年からはハイデルベルクタンパク質研究所を指揮した.1879年から核タンパク質の研究をはじめ,これがタンパク質と核酸からなることを示し,核酸が,アデニン,チミン,シトシン,ウラシルという構成部分(塩基)をもつことを発見した.その後,ヒスチジン,アグマチンなども発見した.こうしたタンパク質・核酸研究への貢献により,1910年ノーベル生理学医学賞を受賞.また,ケンブリッジ大学,ダブリン大学などから名誉博士号を授与された.希ガス型の電子配置の安定性を指摘したのは,物理学者の息子のWalther Kossel(1888~1956年). 出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報 |
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