'Abd al‐Rahman

Japanese: アブドゥル･ラーマン（英語表記）‘Abd al‐Rahmān

?-1246
A Muslim merchant who came east during the reign of Emperor Taizong of the Mongol Empire, and through bribes, was appointed by Empress Turakina and rose to the position of tax commissioner. In Chinese documents, he is referred to as Ototsu Kai He Man. He first approached the Uighur Prime Minister Chinhai through the translator An Cheon He, and obtained the right to contract for taxation on the condition that he pay double the amount of 1.1 million taels of silver (commercial tax, monopoly tax) paid to the territories of northern China. In 1240 (the 12th year of Emperor Taizong), he was appointed as the tax official for various routes, and continued to be in charge of taxation even during the period of the Empress's censure after Emperor Taizong.

Abdul Raḥman

1903‐90
Malaysian politician. Born into a royal family in Kedah in the central Malay peninsula, his father was the Sultan of Kedah. In 1919 he went to England to study at Cambridge University, where he also became a leader of the Malay Students' Association. After returning to the country he became head of the Kedah branch of a nationalist group called Sahabat Pena (Pen Friends). After World War II he returned to England to study and qualified as a lawyer. In 1951 he became president of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and became a leader of the Malaysian nationalist movement. His political line was to gain independence through negotiations in cooperation with Britain.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

？‐1246
モンゴル帝国第2代太宗朝に東来し，賄賂によりトゥラキナ皇后の寵任をえて税務長官にまでいたったイスラム商人。中国文献には奥都剌合蛮の字面をもって記載されている。初め彼は訳史(翻訳官)安天合を介してウイグル人宰相チンハイ(鎮海)に接近し，華北属領に対する銀納税(商税，専売税)110万両の倍額という条件で課税請負の権利を手に入れ，1240年(太宗12)提領諸路課税所官に就任，引き続き太宗に次ぐ皇后監国時代にあっても税務を主宰した。

アブドゥル･ラーマン【Abdul Raḥman】

1903‐90
マレーシアの政治家。マレー半島中部ケダの王家に生まれ，父はケダのスルタンであった。1919年イギリスに留学，ケンブリッジ大学に学び，同時にマレー人学生協会の指導者となった。帰国後サハバット･ペナ(ペン･フレンド)という民族主義団体のケダ支部長となった。第2次世界大戦後再びイギリスに留学して弁護士の資格を取り，51年には連合マレー人国民組織(UMNO)総裁となり，マレーシア民族運動の指導者となった。彼の政治路線はイギリスとの協調によって話合いに基づく独立の獲得であった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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