Bombay

Japanese: ボンベイ

A port city located on the former Bombay Island (now a peninsula) on the Arabian coast in western India. Capital of Maharashtra state. In 1996, it was renamed Mumbai (the name it had before colonization). It is connected to the mainland by bridges and embankments. The largest city in India. It is a major trading port that handles nearly half of India's foreign trade, and various industries such as cotton, machinery, oil refining, shipbuilding, automobiles, food processing, chemicals, and metals have developed. It is also a center of film production. There are many modern British-style buildings such as government offices, trading companies, and banks. There is an airport and a university (established in 1857). Portugal took possession of it in 1534, and it was handed over to Britain in 1661, and later became the base of the British East India Company. In the 19th century, it developed through cotton exports and the cotton industry, and in 1851, the first cotton spinning company with Indian capital was established, and in 1853, India's first railway was opened between Mumbai and Tana, about 30 km northeast. It developed rapidly after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. The city is densely populated with a large urban area surrounding it. It is home to Fort George and India Gate (1911) from the British colonial period, as well as the Parsi Tower of Silence and Elephanta Island with its Hindu caves. Population: 12,442,373 (2011).
→Related article Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

インド西部，アラビア海岸の旧ボンベイ島（現在は半島状）に位置する港湾都市。マハーラーシュトラ州の州都。1996年ムンバイMunbaiと改称（植民地化前の名称）。本土とは橋，堤で結ばれる。インド最大の都市。インドの外国貿易の半分近くを扱う大貿易港で，綿，機械，製油，造船，自動車，食品加工，化学，金属など各種工業が発達。映画製作の中心でもある。官公庁，商社，銀行など英国風の近代的建築が多い。空港，大学（1857年創立）がある。1534年ポルトガルが領有，1661年英国へ移譲，のちイギリス東インド会社の拠点となった。19世紀には綿花輸出，綿工業で発展，1851年最初のインド民族資本の綿紡績会社が設立され，1853年北東約30kmのターナとの間にインド最初の鉄道が開通した。1869年スエズ運河開通後急速に発展。周辺に大都市域を構成し，人口過密。英領時代のジョージ要塞，インド門（1911年）のほか，パールシーの沈黙の塔，ヒンドゥー石窟のあるエレファンタ島などがある。1244万2373人（2011）。
→関連項目チャトラパティ・シバージー・ターミナス

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