A plant that forms mycorrhizae. The most famous example is that of the Matsutake mushroom on Japanese red pine, which forms ectomycorrhizae. Once mycorrhizae are formed, the roots of the Japanese red pine and the Matsutake fungus live symbiotically, and the Matsutake fruiting bodies eventually emerge from the sclerotium formed by the fungus. Another famous example of endomycorrhizae is the mycelium of Armillaria mellea attached to the roots of the orchid family, Cardiomycete moniliforme, and Russula arbutifolia, which form mycorrhizae on various plants. Birch, beech, and pine trees also form mycorrhizae with various fungi, and mycorrhizae are also quite common in the Orchidaceae, Gentianaceae, and Rhododendron families. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
菌根を形成する植物をいう。最も有名なものはアカマツのマツタケによるもので,この場合は外生菌根を生じ,一度菌根が形成されると,アカマツの根とマツタケの菌体とは共生的に生活し,やがて菌が形成する菌核からはマツタケの子実体が出る。また内生菌根を形成する有名な例としてはラン科のオニノヤガラの根にナラタケの菌糸がつくものがある。このほかイグチフウセンタケ,ベニタケの仲間は種々の植物に菌根を生じる。またカバ,ブナ,マツの類はいろいろの菌により菌根形成し,ラン科,リンドウ科,シャクナゲ科のものにも菌根はきわめて普通である。
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