Julius Hermann von Kirchmann

Japanese: キルヒマン - きるひまん(英語表記)Julius Hermann von Kirchmann
Julius Hermann von Kirchmann

German jurist, philosopher, and politician. In 1867, he was dismissed from his position as Vice-President of the Appeals Court of Ratibor after giving a public lecture entitled "On the Essence of Communism." He then served as a liberal left-wing member of the Prussian Chamber of Deputies and the German Imperial Diet until 1876. He also edited the "Philosophical Library" from 1868 onwards, devoting himself to translating and annotating classical philosophical works by Descartes, Spinoza, Hobbes, Locke, Hume, and others, and had a major impact on national education. What made him famous in the history of law was the following aphorism he wrote in his major work, "The Valuelessness of Jurisprudence as a Science" (1848), which criticised historical jurisprudence, satirising the "valuelessness of jurisprudence" which studies laws that are enacted artificially and arbitrarily: "When the legislator utters three words of amendment, all law books are nullified."

[An Seshu February 17, 2015]

[References] | Law | Historical Law

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ドイツの法律家、哲学者、政治家。1867年「共産主義の本質について」と題する公開講演がもとでラティボール控訴裁判所副長官を免職される。その後、プロイセン下院、ドイツ帝国議会などで自由主義左派議員として1876年まで活躍。他方、1868年以来「哲学文庫」を編集し、デカルト、スピノザ、ホッブズ、ロック、ヒュームなどの古典的哲学書の独訳および注釈つき出版事業に専念、国民教育に大きな影響を与えた。彼の名を法学史上有名にしたのは、歴史法学を批判した主著『学問としての法学の無価値性』(1848)のなかで、人為的、恣意(しい)的に制定される法律を研究する「法学の無価値性」を皮肉った次の警句である。「立法者が改正のことばを三つ語れば、すべての法律書は反故(ほご)と化する」。

[安 世舟 2015年2月17日]

[参照項目] | 法学 | 歴史法学

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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