In Early Modern Persian, it means "emperor" or "ruler." It comes from the Old Persian khshāyathiya, and was used by Iranian kings and local rulers, but from the Middle Ages onwards, it was also used in India, Central Asia, Turkey and other countries where Persian was the official language. It is sometimes used in the form pād-shāh (protector king). The title shāhin-shāh used under the Pahlavi dynasty means "king of kings," and comes from the Sassanid shāh-shāh or shāhīn-shāh, which succeeded the Achaemenid khshāyathiya khshāyathiyānām. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
近世ペルシア語で「帝王」または「支配者」を意味する。古代ペルシア語のクシャーヤティヤ khshāyathiyaに由来し,イランの王や地方君主が称したが,中世以降,ペルシア語を公用語としたインド,中央アジア,トルコなどでも用いられた。パードシャー pād-shāh (守護王) という形で用いられることもある。パフラビー朝下で用いられていたシャーヒン・シャー shāhin-shāhの称号は「王中の王」の意で,アケメネス朝のクシャーヤティヤ・クシャーヤティヤーナーム khshāyathiya khshāyathiyānāmを受継いだササン朝のシャーハーン・シャー shāhān-shāhあるいはシャーヒーン・シャー shāhīn-shāhに由来する。
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