Arenaria interpres; ruddy turnstone

Japanese: キョウジョシギ（英語表記）Arenaria interpres; ruddy turnstone

Charadriiformes, Scolopacidae. Total length 21-26cm. Short bill, black slightly upwards. In summer plumage (→ plumage), males have a white head with black spots, and white from the back of the neck to the neck side. White face, black band from the eye to the back of the eye, and from the eye downward to the jaw line. This band connects to the black part of the chest below, the neck side, and the black band extending from the shoulders. Back and pelvis are chestnut brown, but there are black spots in a band on the sides of the back, under the shoulders, and the tips of the pelvis. The belly, lower tail coverts, and upper tail coverts are white. The tail is black with a white tip. The back of the male is gray-brownish and somewhat dull. In winter plumage, the sexes are similar, with a white throat, but the rest of the face is gray-brown. The back below the head is also black-brown, lacking the chestnut color. Breeds in the Arctic, and after breeding, migrates from western Europe and the subtropics of the Northern Hemisphere to the temperate zones of the Southern Hemisphere. They build nests in the tundra and mainly eat insects during the breeding season and invertebrates that live on tidal flats during the non-breeding season. Many of them migrate to tidal flats, riverbanks, and rice fields in Japan during their spring and autumn migrations, and some spend the winter in areas south of Kyushu. (→ Wading birds)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

チドリ目シギ科。全長 21～26cm。嘴は短く，やや上にそって黒い。夏羽（→羽衣）の雄は頭頂は白地に黒斑があり，後頸から頸側は白い。顔は白く，眼先から眼の後ろまでと，眼から下に向かって顎線につながる黒帯がある。これはさらに下の胸の黒い部分と，頸側，肩から伸びる黒帯につながる。背，雨覆羽は栗色だが，背脇と肩下，雨覆羽の先に黒い斑が帯状に連なる。腹と下尾筒，上尾筒は白い。尾は黒く，先が白い。雌は雄の背面の色が灰褐色がかってやや地味。冬羽は雌雄似て，喉は白いが，顔の他部位は灰褐色になる。また，頭部以下の背面が黒褐色で，栗色を欠く。北極圏で繁殖し，繁殖後はヨーロッパ西部や北半球の亜熱帯から南半球の温帯に渡る。ツンドラ地帯に巣をつくり，おもに繁殖期は昆虫を，非繁殖期は干潟などにすむ無脊椎動物を食べる。日本には春秋の渡りの途中に干潟，河原，水田などに多数渡来し，九州地方以南には越冬するものもいる。（→渉禽類）

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