Education Statistics

Educational statistics refers to activities that attempt to quantitatively clarify educational phenomena, and the numerical values ​​obtained from them. Among educational statistics, those related to schools are specifically called school statistics. Educational statistics are generally broadly divided into educational administration statistics, educational research statistics, and educational practice statistics, depending on the entity that creates them and the purpose.

Educational administration statistics are compiled and compiled by educational administrative agencies with the main purpose of serving as materials for educational policy, educational administration, and school management and operation. There are designated statistics based on Article 2 of the Statistics Act, notified statistics based on Article 8 of the same act, and approved statistics based on Article 4 of the Statistical Reporting Adjustment Act. Designated statistics include the School Basic Survey, School Health Statistics, School Teacher Statistics, and Social Education Survey, notified statistics include the Local Educational Cost Survey, Local Educational Administration Survey, Survey on Personnel Transfers of Teachers and Staff, and Lifelong Learning-related Business Survey, and approved statistics include the Children's Educational Cost Survey, Private School Financial Status Survey, Physical Fitness and Athletic Ability Survey, and Lifelong Learning and Social Education Facility Survey.

Educational research statistics are mainly conducted as part of empirical research on education, and are conducted from time to time by universities, research institutes, educational societies, individual researchers, etc. Educational practice statistics are conducted by educational practitioners in schools for the purposes of learning instruction, student and life guidance, class, grade and school management, etc.

However, it is difficult to clearly separate these three statistics, as, for example, educational administration statistics and educational practice statistics can also contain elements of "research."

[Toshiyuki Omomo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

教育統計とは、教育事象を数量的に明らかにしようとする活動、またそれによって得られる数値をいう。教育統計のなかでも学校に関するものをとくに学校統計とよぶ。教育統計は、作成主体・目的により一般に教育行政統計、教育研究統計、教育実践統計に大別される。

　教育行政統計は、教育政策や教育行政、学校の管理運営のための資料とすることを主たる目的として、教育行政機関によって実施・作成されるものである。統計法第2条に基づく指定統計、同法第8条に基づく届出統計、統計報告調整法第4条に基づく承認統計などがある。指定統計には学校基本調査、学校保健統計、学校教員統計、社会教育調査があり、届出統計には地方教育費調査、地方教育行政調査、教職員人事異動状況調査、生涯学習関連事業調査などが、承認統計には子供の学習費調査、私立学校の財務状況調査、体力・運動能力調査、生涯学習・社会教育施設等調査などがある。

　教育研究統計は、おもに教育の実証的研究の一環として行われ、大学、各研究所、教育関係学会または各研究者などにより、随時実施されている。教育実践統計は、学校現場において、学習指導、生徒・生活指導、学級・学年・学校経営等のために、教育実践者によって行われるものである。

　ただし、たとえば教育行政統計や教育実践統計にも「研究」の要素が含まれうるように、以上3統計を明確に分けることは困難でもある。

［大桃敏行］

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