Right of old customary use - Kyuukan shoken

Japanese: 旧慣使用権 - きゅうかんしようけん
Right of old customary use - Kyuukan shoken
The right of a specific resident of a city, town, or village to use the public property of that city, town, or village (ordinary property such as forests and wilderness, or administrative property such as reservoirs and water sources) based on customs (old customs) from before the implementation of the municipal system. If the mayor of the city, town, or village wishes to change or abolish this old custom, or to grant new permission for use to another person, a resolution must be passed by the assembly (Article 238-6 of the Local Autonomy Law), and care must be taken not to infringe on the previous rights based on old customs. A similar right is the right of membership, which is granted under private law to residents of a certain area, but the right to use old customs is a public law right that is granted as an exception to the residents of that city, town, or village, and therefore any change or abolition of this right must be passed by the assembly, and the mayor cannot absolutely refuse use to anyone who wishes to use the public property for the first time.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
市町村制施行以前からの慣習(旧慣)にもとづいて,市町村の特定の住民がその市町村の公有財産(山林・原野等の普通財産や,ため池・用水等の行政財産等)を使用する権利。この旧慣を変更・廃止したり,市町村長が他の者に新たな使用を許可する場合は,議会の議決を経る必要があり(地方自治法238条の6),また,旧慣による従前の権利を侵害しないよう配慮しなければならない。なお,類似のものとして一定地域の住民に私法上認められる入会(いりあい)権があるが,旧慣使用権はその市町村の住民であることによって特例として認められる公法上の権利であり,そのために,その変更・廃止は議会の議決を経る必要があるとともに,その公有財産について新たに使用しようとする者の使用を絶対的に拒否することはできない。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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