…In this way, various kinds of irrationalism, which are linked to progress, have been born in a reactionary direction. In the face of this historical situation, "modern rationality" has been subject to reflection from various angles. For example, as the development of social anthropology has shed light on the thoughts and attitudes of primitive societies, reflection and debate have arisen as to whether it is appropriate to consider them to be at a lower level than the rationality of civilized societies, whether different cultures each have their own standards of rationality, and whether the standards of rationality that have been considered up until now have been merely Western-centrist, and if this is the case, how can the standards of rationality escape relativism? *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "modern rationality" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…こうして進歩と結びついた合理主義に対して,逆に復古的な方向にさまざまの非合理主義が生まれてくるようになる。 こういう歴史的状況に面して,〈近代的合理性〉に対し,いろいろな角度から反省が加えられるようになる。たとえば社会人類学の発展によって未開社会の思考や態度が明らかになるにつれ,それを文明社会の合理性よりも低い段階のものと考えていいのかどうか,異質的な文化にはそれぞれ異なった合理性の基準があり,これまで考えられていた合理性基準はむしろ西欧中心主義にすぎなかったのではないか,かりにそうだとすれば,合理性の基準はどうしたら相対主義を脱することができるのか,そういう反省と論議が起こってくる。… ※「近代的合理性」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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