This concept was coined by modern Europe, who considered ancient Greece and Rome to be their spiritual homeland, and was formed during the process of European modernization after the Renaissance. When people in the Renaissance period overcame theological and irrational thinking and sought something human and rational, they looked to ancient Greece and Rome, which produced a first-class human-centered culture, as models, and the idea of "Classical Antiquity" emerged, which was also distinguished from Christian Antiquity. Since the 18th century, as Europe expanded into the world, its awareness of the Ancient Orient progressed, and the uniqueness of "Classical Antiquity" in comparison with Christian Antiquity became more recognized, and its characteristics included the existence of the autonomous and independent existence of the city-states of the citizen community, the development of ancient democracy, the development of private slave ownership, and the blossoming of rational and free thinking on the spiritual level. Other nations do not need to accept the European-centered "Classical Antiquity" as it is, but it cannot be denied that it is part of the common heritage of humanity, along with the classics of other nations. [Masaoki Doi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
古代ギリシア・ローマのことを、近代ヨーロッパが自分自身の心のふるさとと考えて名づけた概念で、ルネサンス以降のヨーロッパ近代化の過程で形成された。ルネサンス期の人々が神学的・非合理的思考を克服し、人間的・合理的なものを求めたとき、人間中心の一級の文化を生んだ古代ギリシア・ローマが模範とされ、それを「古典古代」とする考えが芽生え、それをキリスト教的古代とも区別した。18世紀以降、ヨーロッパの世界進出の過程で、その古代オリエント認識が進むなかで、それとの対比で「古典古代」の特異性がより意識され、市民共同体の都市国家としての自主独立の存在、古代民主政の展開、私的奴隷所有の発展、精神面での合理的な自由な思考の開花などがその特色とされた。ヨーロッパ中心の「古典古代」を他民族がそのまま受け取る必要はないが、他民族の古典とともに、人類共通の財産の一部であることは否めない。 [土井正興] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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