Kyoto 10-go masu (10-cup)

Japanese: 京都十合枡（斗） - きょうとじゅうごうます

… In the Middle Ages, with the development of small private land control, the use of a unified masu was not seen, and this tendency reached an extreme especially during the Muromachi period. On the other hand, however, the momentum for unifying masu grew as commerce developed and the commercial sphere expanded, and since Kyoto was not only the political but also the largest center of the exchange economy, the Kyoto common masu, called the Kyoto ten-go masu or Kyo masu, gradually gained authority within the Kinai region. In 1568 (Eiroku 11), when Oda Nobunaga went to Kyoto, he designated this Kyoto ten-go masu as the official masu. …

From "Masu"

...A volumetric measure is a device for measuring the volume of liquids, particles, or powders. A volumetric measure is a device that is filled to the brim or to the graduations or indicators on the inside near the brim, that is, a measuring cup is a measuring cup that is filled to the brim to measure a unit amount. In the West, it is generally made of metal and is cylindrical, but in the East, until the early modern period, wooden square or trapezoidal shapes were common, and there were also inverted trapezoidal ones, but in Japan, they were all square. In Chinese, it is classified as a measuring device, and in English, it is classified as a measure. Masu is a Japanese word, and there are various theories about its origin. The Seisaku Zusetsu (Essay on the Illustrated Book) suggests that it comes from the word masu (masu), which doubles in size, and that it is derived from the word masu (masu). The Daigenkai (Daigenkai) also states that it means that the meaning of increase is to pile up the combined masses and pile up the masses, which increase accordingly, but the Iwanami Kogo Jiten (Dictionary of Old Japanese Words) states that it is of the same origin as the Korean word mal (masu).

*The following is a portion of the terminology that refers to the "Kyoto Tokumasu (To)."

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…　中世には，零細な私的土地支配の進展にともない，統一的な枡の使用は見られず，とくに室町時代には，その傾向は極度に達した。しかし反面，商業の発展，商業圏の拡大から，枡統一の気運が高まり，また京都が政治的のみならず，交換経済の最大の中心地であったので，畿内では京都十合枡，あるいは京枡と称する京都の通用枡が，しだいに権威を持つに至った。1568年(永禄11)，織田信長が上洛すると，この京都十合枡を公定枡に指定した。…

【升∥枡】より

…液体，粒体または粉体などの体積を量る器具を体積計というが，このうちこれらを口縁まで満たし，あるいは口縁付近の内面につけた目盛線または指標まで満たして，つまり盛り切って単位量を量りとるものを枡という。西洋においては一般に金属製円筒形であるが，東洋では近世まで木製の方形，台形がふつうで逆台形のものもあったが日本ではすべて方形であった。中国語では量器，英語ではmeasureの一つに分類される。枡は和語で語源には諸説があり《成形図説》は〈升，斗，斛（こく）と倍増してゆくので増（ます）からきた〉と〈麻須〉を当てており，《大言海》も〈増ノ義，合ヲ積ミ升ヲ積ミ相増ス意ト云フ〉としているが，《岩波古語辞典》は〈朝鮮語mal(升)と同源〉としている。…

※「京都十合枡（斗）」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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