Omi Sarugaku

A Sarugaku troupe that existed in Omi Province (Shiga Prefecture) in the Middle Ages. The top three troupes were Yamashina, Shimosaka, and Hiei (Hiyoshi), which were on duty at Hiyoshi Shrine, while Mimaji, Omori, and Sakoudo were the bottom three. The Yamashina troupe was based in Yamashina, Nagahama City; the Shimosaka troupe in Shimosaka, Nagahama City; the Hiei troupe in Sakamoto, Otsu City; the Mimaji troupe in Mimaji, Taga Town; the Omori troupe in Omori, Higashiomi City; and the Sakoudo troupe in Sakoudo, Minakuchi Town, Koka City. The troupe flourished most from the end of the Kamakura period to the early Muromachi period, and competed with Yamato Sarugaku and Dengaku for supremacy among Noh troupes with their mysterious and profound style of performance. In particular, Doami (also called Inuou or Inuami) of the Hiei troupe, who was favored by the third Ashikaga shogun, Yoshimitsu, was highly acclaimed as a master, but the troupe gradually declined thereafter and was absorbed into the Kanze troupe of Yamato Sarugaku in the early Edo period, and disappeared.

[Kobayashi, Responsible]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中世に近江国（滋賀県）に存在した猿楽の座。日吉(ひえ)神社参勤の山階(やましな)、下坂、比叡(ひえ)（日吉）を上三座といい、敏満寺(みまじ)、大森、酒人(さこうど)を下三座と称した。山階座は長浜市山階、下坂座は長浜市下坂、比叡座は大津市坂本、敏満寺座は多賀町敏満寺、大森座は東近江(ひがしおうみ)市大森、酒人座は甲賀(こうか)市水口(みなくち)町酒人に、本拠を置いていたらしい。鎌倉末期から室町前期にかけてもっとも隆盛で、幽玄本位の芸風をもって、大和(やまと)猿楽や田楽(でんがく)と能の座の覇を争った。ことに足利(あしかが)3代将軍義満(よしみつ)の愛顧を受けた比叡座の道阿弥(どうあみ)（犬王、犬阿弥ともいう）は名人の誉れが高かったが、以後しだいに衰微し、江戸初期に大和(やまと)猿楽の観世座に吸収され消滅した。

［小林　責］

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