Common factor - common factor

Japanese: 共通因子 - きょうつういんし
Common factor - common factor

...The method of extracting factors for this purpose is factor analysis. CE Spearman observed a correlation structure in which a high score on one test was associated with good results on the other tests from data on the scores of 33 students in six subjects, including classical studies, English, and mathematics, and concluded (1904) that the scores on each test are the result of a combination of a factor that could be called intelligence (common factor) and a factor unique to each test (specific factor). Later, Louis Leon Thurstone (1887-1955) and others proposed a general factor model in which mental ability is explained by multiple independent common and specific factors. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "common factors" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…このために因子を抽出する方法が因子分析である。C.E.スピアマンは33人の生徒に古典,英語,数学などの6種のテストを行った得点のデータから,一つのテストで高得点をとれば他のテストでもよい成績をあげるという相関構造を観察して,各テストの得点は知力とも名づくべき因子(共通因子)とテストごとに固有の因子(特殊因子)の結合によって生じるとした(1904)。その後,サーストンLouis Leon Thurstone(1887‐1955)らは精神的能力は複数個の独立な共通因子と特殊因子によって説明されるという一般的因子モデルを提唱した。…

※「共通因子」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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