The construction of three pyramids - the Bent Pyramid (base 188.6 m, height 101.15 m) south of Dahshur, whose slope was changed during construction (from the original 54 degrees 31 minutes 13 seconds to 43 degrees 21 minutes at a height of 49.07 m) and the Red Pyramid (base 219.28 m, height 104.42 m, slope 43 degrees 36 minutes 11 seconds) north of Dahshur, the first square pyramid completed as originally planned, created the true pyramid form, and at the same time moved the mortuary temple to the east, creating the prototype of the pyramid complex. The pinnacle of pyramid construction is the Great Pyramid of Giza (Figure 2) built by the next king, Khufu, which boasts the largest scale (base 230m, height 144.6m, gradient 51°52′, volume 2.6 million m3. It is calculated that it was made up of 2.7 to 2.8 million stones weighing an average of 2.5 tons) and the highest level of stonework technology (for example, the error in the length of the base is 20cm, and the error in the direction is 1′57″ to 5′30″). *Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Great Pyramid of Giza" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…現在は塔状に崩壊),建造中に勾配を変更(当初の54度31分13秒から高さ49.07mで43度21分へ)したダハシュール南の〈屈折ピラミッド〉(底辺188.6m,高さ101.15m),当初の計画どおり完成された最初の方錐形ピラミッドであるダハシュール北の〈赤色ピラミッド〉(底辺219.28m,高さ104.42m,勾配43度36分11秒)の3基のピラミッドの建造により真正のピラミッド形式を創出,同時に葬祭殿も東側に移し,〈ピラミッド複合体〉の原型をつくり上げる。 ピラミッド建築の頂点は次王クフ王の〈ギーザの大ピラミッド〉で(図2),最大規模を誇る(底辺230m,高さ144.6m,勾配51度52分,容積約260万m3。平均2.5tの石材約270万~280万個を積み上げたと計算される)とともに石積み技術も最高水準にある(例えば底辺の長さの誤差20cm,方位の誤差1分57秒~5分30秒など)。… ※「ギーザの大ピラミッド」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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