Aguascalientes Conference - Aguascalientes Conference

Japanese: アグアスカリエンテス会議 - あぐあすかりえんてすかいぎ

In the plan, Zapata announced his break with President Madero, whom he had supported up until that point, and proclaimed that concrete measures for land reform included the return of village commons and water rights illegally occupied by large plantations (haciendas), the redistribution of land to landless peasants, and the forcible seizure of land from those who opposed it. The Ayala Plan was approved at the Aguascalientes Congress, which brought together various revolutionary forces, in 1914, and was elevated to the revolution's platform. It was further incorporated into the Land Reform Law enacted by the constitutionalist Carranza on January 6, 1915, and into Article 27 (Basic Provisions on Land) of the 1917 Constitution, becoming the basis of modern Mexican land reform policy.

From Zapata

...But he soon came into conflict with Madero, who prioritized political democratization and did not understand the urgency of land reform, and in November of the same year he announced the Ayala Plan, which proposed specific measures for land reform, and broke with Madero. After that, he briefly joined forces with the northern revolutionary leader Villa, and succeeded in getting land reform adopted as a national revolutionary platform at the Aguascalientes Conference, where the various revolutionary forces gathered in 1914, and had a major impact on the ideas and practice of land reform in the Mexican Revolution. However, he came into conflict with the revolutionary leader Carranza, who advocated constitutionalism, and later turned to guerilla warfare to continue his resistance against the central government, and was massacred at Hacienda Chinameca by federal army officer Jesus Guajardo on April 10, 1919.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Aguascalientes Conference" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…その中でサパタは，これまで支持してきたマデロ大統領との決別を表明し，農地改革の具体策として大農園(アシエンダ)によって不法に占拠された村の共有地ならびに水利権の返還，土地なき農民への土地の再分配，それに反対するものの土地の強制接収などを宣言した。このアヤラ計画は1914年，革命の諸勢力を集めて開かれたアグアスカリエンテス会議で承認され，革命の大綱領へと昇格した。さらに15年1月6日の護憲主義派カランサによる農地改革法および1917年憲法の第27条(土地に関する基本条項)にもり込まれ，現代メキシコの農地改革政策の基礎となった。…

【サパタ】より

…しかし，やがて政治の民主化を優先し農地改革の緊急性を理解しなかったマデロと対立し，同年11月農地改革の具体策を提唱した〈アヤラ計画〉を発表してマデロと決別した。以後一時北部の革命指導者ビリャと連帯し，14年革命の諸勢力が一堂に会したアグアスカリエンテス会議で農地改革を全国革命綱領として採択させるのに成功，メキシコ革命における農地改革の理念と実践に大きな影響を与えた。しかし，護憲主義を掲げる革命指導者カランサと対立し，その後ゲリラ戦に転じて中央政府に対し抵抗を続け，19年4月10日，連邦政府軍将校ヘスス･グアハルドによってチナメカ農園で虐殺された。…

※「アグアスカリエンテス会議」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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