...About 17,000 species are known, including the free-living planarian, the parasitic blood fluke, the liver fluke, and the hook tapeworm, and many of the parasitic species cause various diseases in humans and livestock. Flatworms are divided into four classes: Turbellaria, Trematoda, Monogenea, and Cestoda. It is believed that the planarians had a primitive and basic body plan, and some of them gradually adapted to a parasitic life to give rise to the turbellarians, and that the turbellarians were the ones that became even more adapted to a parasitic life. There is no consensus as to what animal flatworms originated from, but one theory is that they originated from the planula larvae of coelenterates, and another theory is that something like an acoelenterate of Turbellaria arose through cell differentiation of the protozoan polynuclear ciliate. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Trematoda" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…自由生活するナミウズムシ(プラナリアの1種),寄生性のジュウケツキュウチュウ(住血吸虫),カンテツ(肝蛭),カギサナダなど約1万7000種ほどが知られており,寄生性の種類で人間や家畜に種々の病気を起こさせるものも多い。 扁形動物は渦虫綱,吸虫綱,単生綱,条虫綱の4綱に分けられるが,ウズムシ類が原始的で基本的な体制をもち,それらのうちのあるものが寄生生活にしだいに適応してキュウチュウ類を生じ,さらに寄生生活に適応性が進んだのがジョウチュウ類と考えられている。扁形動物がどのような動物から生じたかについては,まだ定説はないが,腔腸動物のプラヌラ幼生から生じたという説と,原生動物の多核繊毛虫類の細胞分化によって,渦虫綱の無腸類のようなものが生じたという説とがある。… ※「吸虫綱」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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