Nucleophilic addition reaction

Japanese: 求核付加反応 - きゅうかくふかはんのう
Nucleophilic addition reaction

...An ionic reaction in which the reactive site of the substrate that is attacked by the reagent is electron-deficient (formally positively charged), and a negatively charged ionic species or a reagent with an unshared electron pair donates electrons to the substrate. It is also called a nucleophilic reaction or an anionoid reaction. An electron-donating reagent that acts as a Lewis base is called a nucleophile (nucleophilic reagent). The main nucleophilic reagents are shown in the table below. ...

From [Organic Chemical Reactions]

...A mechanism for electrophilic addition via a π-complex rather than a carbocation has also been proposed.
[Nucleophilic addition reaction]
Unlike carbon-carbon double bonds, carbon-oxygen double bonds are polarized, so the addition to the C=O double bond is driven by the attack of a nucleophile on the positively charged carbon atom. In many cases, this step is followed by the bonding of an electrophile with the oxygen atom.

*Some of the terms that refer to "nucleophilic addition reactions" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…イオン反応のうちで,試薬の攻撃を受ける基質の反応部位が電子不足の(形式的には正電荷を帯びた)状態にあり,負電荷をもつイオン種または非共有電子対をもつ試薬が基質に電子を与えるような反応をいう。親核反応,アニオノイド反応anionoid reactionと呼ばれたこともある。ルイス塩基として働く電子供与性試薬は求核試薬nucleophile(nucleophilic reagent)と呼ばれる。おもな求核試薬を表に示す。…

【有機化学反応】より

…求電子付加に対してカルボカチオンでなくπ錯体を経由する機構も提出されている。
[求核付加反応]
 炭素―炭素二重結合と異なり,炭素―酸素二重結合は分極しているため,同じ二重結合でもC=Oに対する付加は正電荷を帯びた炭素原子に対する求核試薬の攻撃が反応の原動力となる。多くの場合,この段階に続いて求電子試薬が酸素原子と結合する。…

※「求核付加反応」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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