Kanpei's Last Words - Kanpyo's Last Words

In 897 (Kanpei 9), Emperor Uda sent his 13-year-old first son, Prince Atsushi (Emperor Daigo), a one-volume exhortation written in classical Chinese that outlines the emperor's principles when he abdicated the throne to Prince Atsushi. The exhortation carefully explains domestic and foreign affairs, daily actions, and academic attitudes, quoting anecdotes from Emperor Kanmu. With regard to the appointment of important people, the exhortation gives positive opinions on Fujiwara no Tokihira, Sugawara no Michizane, Taira no Suenaga, and Kino Haseo, among others, and states that Michizane in particular should be trusted. It is also noteworthy that the book Gunsho Chiyo (written by Wei Zheng in the Tang Dynasty) is a must-read for those studying imperial rule. Since ancient times, it has been a must-read for emperors and a constant companion for regents, chancellors, and kurodos. There is no complete edition, but fragments of it have been collected in such books as Gunsho Ruiju and Retsusei Zenshu.

[Mikiya Hayashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

897年（寛平9）、宇多(うだ)天皇が13歳の第1皇子敦仁(あつひと)親王（醍醐(だいご)天皇）への譲位に際し、同親王に贈った天皇の心得を述べた漢文体の訓誡書。1巻。内外の政務、日常の動作、学問の態度などを、桓武(かんむ)天皇の逸話を引用して懇切に示し、人物の登用については、藤原時平(ときひら)、菅原道真(すがわらのみちざね)、平季長(すえなが)、紀長谷雄(きのはせお)らの名をあげて積極的意見を述べ、なかでも道真を信任すべきことを記す。また『群書治要』（唐、魏徴(ぎちょう)撰(せん)）を帝王学の必読書としていることは注目される。古くから、帝王必見の書、摂政(せっしょう)関白・蔵人(くろうど)の座右の書とされた。完本はなく、『群書類従』『列聖全集』などに逸文が集録されている。

［林　幹彌］

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