These include caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine, and are found in coffee and tea. Their pharmacological actions include central nervous system stimulant, skeletal muscle stimulant (caffeine > theophylline > theobromine in order of strength), smooth muscle relaxant, myocardial stimulant, and diuretic (theophylline > theobromine > caffeine). These are insoluble in water, so there are solubilized preparations such as caffeine sodium benzoate (→ Annaca), which is a compound of caffeine and sodium benzoate, and aminophylline, which is theophylline with ethylenediamine added as a solubilizing agent. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
カフェイン,テオフィリン,テオブロミンがあり,コーヒーや茶のなかに含まれる。薬理作用としては中枢興奮作用,骨格筋興奮作用 (カフェイン>テオフィリン>テオブロミンの順で強い) ,平滑筋弛緩作用,心筋興奮作用,利尿作用 (テオフィリン>テオブロミン>カフェイン) がある。これらは水に不溶なので,可溶化させた製剤としてカフェインと安息香酸ナトリウムを化合させた安息香酸ナトリウムカフェイン (→アンナカ ) ,テオフィリンに溶解補助剤としてエチレンジアミンを加えたアミノフィリンがある。
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