…In such cases, rocks do not change their original position, but are affected by the surrounding rock mass, making them more susceptible to decomposition, destruction, weakening, or coloring. There are two types of weathering: mechanical weathering and chemical weathering. Mechanical weathering is also called physical weathering, and refers to the process by which rocks and minerals expand and contract differentially due to temperature changes such as sunlight and nighttime cooling, or when meltwater seeps into cracks and freezes and expands, causing a wedge effect, resulting in the fracture of rocks. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "mechanical weathering" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…その場合岩石はもともとの位置を変えることなく,岩体の周囲から影響を受けて分解しやすい状態になったり,破壊されたり,脆弱にされたり,着色されたりする。風化には機械的風化作用mechanical weatheringと化学的風化作用chemical weatheringとの2種がある。機械的風化作用は物理的風化作用ともいい,日射と夜間の冷却のような温度変化により岩石・鉱物に差別的膨張収縮が起きたり,融解水が割れ目にしみ込み凍結膨張して楔(くさび)作用を及ぼしたりして,その結果岩石が破砕される作用をいう。… ※「機械的風化作用」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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