Meniscus - Meniscus

Japanese: 関節半月 - かんせつはんげつ
Meniscus - Meniscus

…The other type is called a synovial joint, in which both bone ends are covered with cartilage (articular cartilage), there is a gap (articular cavity) between them filled with mucus (synovial fluid), and the entire joint is enclosed in a connective tissue sac (joint capsule) (in human anatomy, this type of joint is called a "joint" in the strict sense). In the joint cavity, there may be a thin disk-shaped cartilage (articular disc) or a ring-shaped or crescent-shaped cartilage (articular meniscus), which functions to facilitate the fit and sliding of the joint surfaces. Articular cartilage is the remaining part of the process in which the bones of the joint are formed through cartilage without ossification (however, the articular cartilage in the mandibular joint in mammals is a secondary cartilage of a different origin). …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "meniscus" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…もう一つは滑膜性結合とよばれるもので,両方の骨端が軟骨(関節軟骨)に覆われ,それらの間にすきま(関節腔)があって粘液(滑液)を満たし,その連結部全体が結合組織性の袋(関節包)で包まれている場合である(人体解剖学ではこの種の連結を厳密な意味での〈関節〉とする)。関節腔の中には薄い円板状の軟骨(関節円板)や環状または三日月型の軟骨(関節半月)が挟まっている場合があり,これらは関節面どうしの適合とすべりを円滑にする働きをもっている。関節軟骨は関節の骨が軟骨を経て形成される過程で骨化せずに残存したものである(ただし哺乳類の下顎骨の関節にある関節軟骨は由来の異なる二次軟骨である)。…

※「関節半月」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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