Functionalism

…It is a methodological position that was proposed in succession in various fields of science and art from the late 19th century to the early 20th century and had a major influence on subsequent developments, but the motives for its proposal and the connotations of the concept of function differ depending on the field, and in some cases it would be more appropriate to translate it as “functionalism.” For example, this is the case when the general epistemological tendency of this era is called functionalism. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "functionalism" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…19世紀末から20世紀前半にかけて，科学や芸術の諸領域で前後して提唱され，その後の展開に大きな影響を及ぼした方法論上の立場であるが，領域の違いに応じて提唱の動機もfunctionという概念の含意も異なり，むしろ〈関数主義〉と訳す方が適切な場合もある。たとえばこの時代の一般的な認識論的傾向をfunctionalismとよぶ場合がそうである。…

※「関数主義」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報