Relationism

Japanese: 関係主義 - かんけいしゅぎ
Relationism

...In the traditional European view of existence, it was thought that there were first independent and self-existent "substances," and that secondarily, "relationships" exist between these entities. In contrast, the view that "relation" is the primary existence, and that so-called entities are merely "nodes of relations," has existed since ancient times, such as in the Buddhist view of dependent origination, but in modern times this "relational" view of existence is becoming dominant. Meanwhile, analytical investigations into what "relation" is and what types it has have been conducted in Buddhist philosophy and Western philosophy since Locke and D. Hume, but a standard, comprehensive view has not yet been established. ...

From the Theory of Relativity

… [Yasunori Fujii]
[Philosophical significance]
In relation to philosophy, let me add a few words about the significance of the theory of relativity and the impact it has had. First, in terms of ontology, the theory of relativity has been a reason for promoting a relational (non-substantial) view of existence. In philosophy, even in Europe, a relational view of existence had indeed begun to emerge at some point in the 19th century, but in physics, which is the base of the scientific worldview, the solid dominance of classical physical realism prevented the implementation of non-substantialism = relationalism.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "relationism" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…伝統的なヨーロッパの存在観においては,独立自存する〈実体〉なるものがまずあって,実体どうしの間に,第二次的に〈関係〉が成立するものと考えられてきた。これに対して,〈関係〉こそが第一次的な存在であり,いわゆる実体は〈関係の結節〉ともいうべきものにすぎないと考える立場が,仏教の縁起観など,古くから存在したが,現代においてはこの〈関係主義〉的存在観が優勢になりつつある。ところで,〈関係〉とは何であり,それにはいかなる種類があるかについての分析的討究は,仏教哲学においても,西洋哲学においてもロックやD.ヒューム以来おこなわれているが,スタンダードな総括的定見はまだ確立していない。…

【相対性理論】より

…【藤井 保憲】
【哲学的意義】
 哲学との関連で,相対性理論のもつ意義およびそれのもたらした影響について付言しておこう。まず,存在論に即していえば,相対性理論は〈関係主義的(非実体主義的)〉な存在観を促すゆえんとなった。哲学においては,19世紀のある時期からヨーロッパにあってすらさすがに関係主義的な存在観が登場するようになっていたが,科学的世界観の拠点をなす物理学においては,古典物理学的実体主義が牢固(ろうこ)として支配していたため,非実体主義=関係主義の貫徹が阻まれていた。…

※「関係主義」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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