In India, a general term for a specific authority, title, or official position, probably of Sanskrit origin. It was later used as a personal name. It first appeared in the Arthashastra and meant "head of ten villages." It appears frequently in historical documents from the Vijayanagar Empire, and is thought to have existed as a title indicating "ruler of a nadu (district)," an official position for military and financial chiefs called Dandanayaka, or amaranaayaka, a local feudal lord with tax and military powers. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
インドにおける,おそらくはサンスクリットを起源とする〈特定権限〉〈称号〉〈官職名〉の総称。後には人名にも用いられた。古くは《アルタシャーストラ》に現れ,〈10ヵ村の頭〉を意味した。ビジャヤナガル王国時代の史料に頻出し,〈ナードゥ(郡)の支配者〉を示す称号,ダンダナーヤカとよばれる軍事・財務長官の官職名,あるいは徴税・軍事権を与えられた地方領主層としてのアマラナーヤカなど,さまざまの性格をもつナーヤカが存在したと考えられる。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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