...First, there are large regional divisions such as European archaeology, Chinese archaeology, and Japanese archaeology, each of which is further subdivided by era and culture. In addition, there are departments dealing with specific issues and areas of life, such as environmental archaeology, which studies the relationship between the environment and humans; industrial archaeology, which studies industrial technology from the Industrial Revolution period; Christian archaeology, which studies Christian buildings and relics; biblical archaeology, which compares biblical descriptions with ruins and relics; Buddhist archaeology, and art archaeology. There are also departments that use specific methods and techniques to advance research, such as aerial archaeology, which interprets aerial photographs; underwater archaeology, which dives underwater to investigate ruins at the bottom of the water; and experimental archaeology, which experimentally restores past technologies to verify hypotheses or obtain data for constructing hypotheses. ... *Some explanations of terms that refer to "environmental archaeology" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…まず,ヨーロッパ考古学,中国考古学,日本考古学というような地域的な大区分があり,それぞれがまた,時代や文化によって細分されている。このほか,特定の課題や生活分野を取り扱う部門として,環境と人間のかかわり合いを研究する環境考古学,産業革命期を中心とした時代の産業技術を研究する産業考古学,キリスト教関係の建物や遺物を研究するキリスト教考古学,聖書の記述と遺跡・遺物の対比研究を行う聖書考古学,仏教考古学,美術考古学などが成立している。また,特定の方法・技術を駆使して研究を推進する部門として,航空写真の判読を行う航空考古学,潜水して水底の遺跡を調査する水中考古学,過去の技術を実験的に復原して仮説を検証したり,仮説構成のためのデータを得ようとする実験考古学などが成立している。… ※「環境考古学」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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