Mount Karishiki

...A form of agricultural forest land use in early modern Japan. When small farmers became independent and became hon-hyakusho (main farmers), and early modern villages (small farming villages) were established with the hon-hyakusho (main farmers) as village members, all village members (hon-hyakusho) had the common right to use the common land (karishikiyama, shibayama, magusaba, kayaba, etc.) under village regulations in order to maintain and strengthen the production and livelihood of the independent hon-hyakusho. This form of agricultural forest land use was called murachu-iriai, and it was only established after the establishment of early modern lordship's control over the forest land and the independence of small farmers as hon-hyakusho under that control.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "Karishikiyama" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…日本の近世期における農用林野利用の一形態。小農が自立して本百姓となり，本百姓(高持百姓)を村落構成員とする近世村落(小農村落)が成立すると，自立した本百姓の生産･生活を維持･補強するために，村落構成員(本百姓)のすべてが村落規制のもとにある入会地(刈敷山（かりしきやま），柴山，秣場（まぐさば），萱場（かやば）など)に対して共同の利用権を持つ。このような農用林野の利用形態が村中入会で，林野に対する近世領主権の支配の確立と，そのもとにおける小農の本百姓への自立とをまって，はじめて成立する。…

※「刈敷山」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報