The Roman War of Conquest of Gaul, fought under Julius Caesar from 58 to 51 BC. It is said to have started when Gallic tribes asked Caesar to intervene in their internal conflicts. Caesar acquired winter quarters in northeastern Gaul at the end of 58 BC. By 56 BC, he had pacified what is now northern France and Belgium, and reached the Atlantic coast. He then worked to maintain peace throughout Gaul, and for operational reasons he also invaded Germania and Britain. From 54 BC, rebellions broke out frequently, and in 52 BC, a large-scale rebellion led by Vercingetorix culminated. Fierce battles were repeated and Caesar was at risk at one point, but he won the Battle of Alesia and captured Vercingetorix, and the rebellions died down. This war brought about peace and Romanization of Gaul, and Caesar's political power was strengthened by relatively few casualties and the acquisition of a great deal of wealth. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
前 58~51年ユリウス・カエサルのもとで行われたローマのガリア征服戦争。きっかけはガリア諸族が内争への介入をカエサルに求めたものといわれている。カエサルは前 58年末にガリア北東部に冬営地を獲得。前 56年までには現在の北フランス,ベルギー地方を平定,大西洋岸にまで達した。以後ガリア全土の治安に努め,作戦上の必要からゲルマニア,ブリタニアにも遠征。前 54年からは反乱がしばしば起り,前 52年ウェルキンゲトリクスの率いた大規模な反乱となる。激しい戦闘が繰返され,一時はカエサルも危機に追込まれたが,アレシアの戦いに勝ってウェルキンゲトリクスを捕え,以後反乱は下火となった。この戦争はガリア全土のローマ領化と平和をもたらし,比較的人員の損失も少く,多くの富を獲得したカエサルの政治力を強大化することとなった。
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