…In 1915, after the outbreak of World War I, he founded Decla Films, and produced pioneering Expressionist films such as Robert Wiene's Dr. Caligari (1919) and Fritz Lang's Doctor Mabuse (1922). After Decla Films was merged with UFA in 1923, he continued to produce important early talkie films, including Lang's Nibelungen (1924), FW Murnau's The Last Men (1924), EA Dupont's Varietés (1925), and Joël May's The Asphalt (1929), as well as Joseph von Sternberg's The Blue Angel (1930) and Eric Charel's The Congress Dance (1931). In competition with Hollywood, he built the golden age of German cinema with such force that Berlin was even called the "cinema capital." However, with the rise of the Nazis, like other Jewish artists, he left Germany and became an American citizen in 1944 after working as an independent filmmaker in Paris, Hollywood, and London. However, his work in Hollywood was not very good, and in 1946 he went to Germany in his capacity as a US military administrator to revive German film, before returning to Hollywood where he died. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Asphalt" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…第1次大戦開戦後の1915年にデクラ社を設立し,表現主義映画の先駆的作品となったロベルト・ウィーネ監督《カリガリ博士》(1919),フリッツ・ラング監督《ドクトル・マブゼ》(1922)をつくった。23年にデクラ社がウーファ社に合併されたのちも,ラング監督《ニーベルンゲン》(1924),F.W.ムルナウ監督《最後の人》(1924),E.A.デュポン監督《ヴァリエテ》(1925),ヨーエ・マイ監督《アスファルト》(1929)などドイツ表現主義映画の代表作をはじめ,ジョゼフ・フォン・スタンバーグ監督《嘆きの天使》(1930),エリック・シャレル監督《会議は踊る》(1931)など,トーキー初期の重要な作品を製作,ハリウッドに対抗して,ベルリンを〈映画の首都〉とさえいわせたほどの勢いでドイツ映画の黄金時代を築き上げた。しかし,ナチスの台頭とともに他のユダヤ人芸術家と同様ドイツを去り,独立製作者としてパリ,ハリウッド,ロンドンをへて44年にアメリカ市民となったが,ハリウッドでの仕事はふるわず,46年,ドイツ映画復興のためアメリカ軍の司政官の資格でドイツへ出かけたのち,ふたたびハリウッドへ帰って死去した。… ※「《アスファルト》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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